Benzothienothiophene isoindigo polymers

ABSTRACT

Polymers comprising at least one unit of formula (1) and their use as semiconducting materials.

The present invention relates to Benzothienothiophene isoindigopolymers, to a process for the preparation of these polymers, tointermediates, to electronic devices comprising these polymers, as wellas to the use of these polymers as semiconducting material.

Organic semiconducting materials can be used in electronic devices suchas organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs), organic field-effect transistors(OFETs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photodiodes(OPDs) and organic electrochromic devices (ECDs).

It is desirable that the organic semiconducting materials are compatiblewith liquid processing techniques such as spin coating as liquidprocessing techniques are convenient from the point of processability,and thus allow the production of low cost organic semiconductingmaterial-based electronic devices. In addition, liquid processingtechniques are also compatible with plastic substrates, and thus allowthe production of light weight and mechanically flexible organicsemiconducting material-based electronic devices.

For application in organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs), organicfield-effect transistors (OFETs), and organic photodiodes (OPDs), it isfurther desirable that the organic semiconducting materials show highcharge carrier mobility.

For application in organic photovoltaic devices (OPVs) and organicphotodiodes (OPDs), the organic semiconducting materials should alsoshow a strong absorption of the visible light and of the near infra-redlight.

The use of iso-indigo-type compounds as semiconducting materials inelectronic devices is known in the art.

WO 2009/053291 describes semiconducting polymers comprising thefollowing units

and organic field effect transistors comprising these polymers.

It was the object of the present invention to provide organicsemiconducting materials. This object is solved by the polymers of claim1, the process of claim 10, the intermediates of claim 11, and theelectronic device of claims 12 and 13 and the use of claim 14.

The polymers of the present invention comprise at least one unit offormula

wherein

R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl,C₆₋₁₈-aryl, a 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl,C(O)—C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl and C(O)—OC₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be        substituted with one to fourty substituents independently        selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,        C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a),        C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b),        C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R_(Sia))(R_(Sib))(R_(Sic)),        halogen, CN, and NO²; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not        adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and        C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to        14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR_(a),        C(O)—Ra, NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b),        N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and one        or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of        C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(a) or        NR^(a)—CO,    -   C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to six substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋ ₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b),        NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)],        SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),—O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib)),R^(Sic)),        halogen, CN, and NO₂,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,

R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₁₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,—[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif), NR⁵R⁶, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵,

-   -   -   -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,                O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,                O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,                —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih]) _(p)—R^(Sii), NR⁵⁰R⁶⁰, halogen and                ) O—C(O)—R⁵⁰;                -   wherein                -   is an integer from 1 to 50,

        -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from the            group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered            heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,            O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered            heteroaryl, O—-Si(CH₃)₃, NR⁵⁰⁰R⁶⁰⁰, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵⁰⁰,            -   R₅, R⁶, R⁵⁰, R⁶⁰, R⁵⁰⁰ and R⁶⁰⁰ are independently                selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkenyl,                C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14                membered heteroaryl,            -   C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to twenty substituents selected                from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c),                C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d),                C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and                at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of                C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be                replaced by O or S,            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀ -alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c),                OC(O)—R^(c)(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d),                NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d),                N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c),)                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN, and NO₂;                and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups,                of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO,                NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO,            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—            -   R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d),                N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c),                Si(R^(sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),—O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                halogen, CN and NO₂;                -   wherein                -   R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                -   R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sil) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                    O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆—cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,                    —[O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sin)]_(q)—R^(Sio), NR⁷R⁸, halogen,                    and O—C(O)—R⁷,                -    wherein                -    q is an integer from 1 to 50,                -    R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                    O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    O—5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,                    —[O—-SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)],_(r)—R^(Sir), NR⁷⁰R⁸⁰,                    halogen, and O—C(O)—R⁷⁰;                -     wherein                -     r is an integer from 1 to 50,                -     R^(SiP), R^(Siq), R^(Sir) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                    O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,                    NR⁷⁰⁰R⁸⁰⁰, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁷⁰⁰,                -    R⁷, R⁸, R⁷⁰, R⁸⁰, R⁷⁰⁰ and R⁸⁰⁰ are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl,                -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to ten substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂,

R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl,5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR²¹, OC(O)—R²¹, C(O)—OR²¹, C(O)—R²¹,NR²¹R²², NR²¹—C(O)R²², C(O)—NR²¹R²², N[C(O)R²¹][C(O)R²²], SR²¹, halogen,CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and OH,

-   -   wherein    -   R²¹ and R²² and are independently selected from the group        consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl,        and C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be        substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected        from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to        14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e),        C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f),        N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups,        but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and        C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5        to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e),        C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f),        N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but        not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by        O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(e) or NR^(e)—CO,    -   C₅₋₁₂-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to six substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f),        NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)],        SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂,        -   wherein        -   R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Siu) are independently from each            other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and            O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl,            -   wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can                be substituted with one to five substituents selected                from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g),                OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h),                NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)-NR^(g)R^(h),                N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g),                C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h),                C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O )R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g,)                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g),                OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)-R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h),                NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h),                N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂;                -   wherein                -   R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -    wherein                -    C₁₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted                    with one to five substituents selected from the                    group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂,

n is 0, 1, 2 or 3,

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3,

and

L¹ and are L² are independently from each other and at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₈-arylene, 5 to 20 memberedheteroarylene,

-   -   wherein    -   C₆₋₁₈-arylene and 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be        substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀alkenyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered        heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹, NR³¹R³²,        NR³¹—C(O)R³², C(O)NR³¹R³², N[C(O)R³¹][C(O)R³²], SR³¹, halogen,        CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and    -   wherein

-   -   can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5        to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R^(42,))C(O)-13        OR⁴¹ and CN,        -   wherein        -   R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and            at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,            C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl,            C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and        -   wherein        -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to ten substituents independently            selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,            C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i),            OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j),            NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)],            SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at            least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups of            C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced            by O or S,        -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six            substituents independently selected from the group            consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,            OR^(i), OC(O)-13 R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i),            NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)-13 NR^(i)R^(j),            N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,            SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups,            but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be            replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO,        -   C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be            substituted with one to six substituents independently            selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5            to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)-13 R^(j),            C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)-13 C(O)R^(j),            C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen,            CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂,            -   wherein            -   R^(Siv), R^(Siw), R^(Six) are independently from each                other selected from the group consisting of H,                C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₀₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl                and O-13 Si(CH₃)₃,            -   R^(i) and R^(j) are independently selected from the                group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₁₋₂₀-alkenyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₀₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14                membered hetereoaryl,                -   wherein                -   C₁₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted                    with one to five substituents selected from the                    group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5                    to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l),                    C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l),                    NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l),                    N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and                    NO₂;                -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                    substituents selected from the group consisting of                    C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R¹, C(O)-OR^(k),                    C(O)-R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)-C(O)R^(l),                    C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k),                    halogen, CN, and NO₂;                -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                    substituted with one to five substituents                    independently selected from the group consisting of                    C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀ -alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(k), C(O)—OR^(k),                    C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l),                    C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k),                    halogen, CN, and NO₂;                -    wherein                -    R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -     wherein                -     C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can                    be substituted with one to five substituents                    selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN                    and NO₂.

Halogen can be F, CI, Br and I.

C₁₋₄-alkyl, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₁₋₃₆-alkyl,C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl and C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl can be branched or unbranched.Examples of C₁₋₄-alkyl are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl,sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl. Examples of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl areC₁₋₄-alkyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, n-(1-ethyl)propyl, n-hexyl,n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-(2-ethyl)hexyl, n-nonyl and n-decyl. Examples ofC₁₋₂₀-alkyl are C₁₋₁₀-alkyl and n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-undecyl,n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl,n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl and n-icosyl (C₂₀). Examples ofC₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl and C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl areC₁₋₂₀-alkyl and n-docosyl (C₂₂), n-tetracosyl (C₂₄), n-hexacosyl (C₂₆),n-octacosyl (C₂₈) and n-triacontyl (C₃₀).

C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl andC₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl can be branched or unbranched. Examples of C₁₋₂₀-alkenylare vinyl, propenyl, cis-2-butenyl, trans-2-butenyl, 3-butenyl,cis-2-pentenyl, trans-2-pentenyl, cis-3-pentenyl, trans-3-pentenyl,4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl anddocenyl. Examples of C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl areC₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and linoleyl (C₁₈), linolenyl (C₁₈), oleyl (C₁₈), andarachidonyl (C₂₀). Examples of C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl are C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl anderucyl (C₂₂).

C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl andC₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be branched or unbranched. Examples of C₂₋₁₀-alkynylare ethynyl, 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl,heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl and decynyl. Examples of C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl are undecynyl,dodecynyl, undecynyl, dodecynyl, tridecynyl, tetradecynyl, pentadecynyl,hexadecynyl, heptadecynyl, octadecynyl, nonadecynyl and icosynyl (C₂₀).

Examples of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl are cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. Examples ofC₅₋₈-cycloalkyl are C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl are C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl and cyclononyl, cyclodecyl,cycloundecyl and cyclododecyl.

Examples of C₆₋₁₀-aryl are phenyl,

Examples of C₆₋₁₄-aryl are C₆₋₁₀-aryl and

Examples of C₆₋₁₈-aryl are C₆₋₁₄-aryl and

5 to 10 membered heteroaryl are 5 to 10 membered monocyclic orpolycyclic, such as dicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic, ring systems,which comprise at least one heteroaromatic ring, and which may alsocomprise non-aromatic rings, which may be substituted by ═O.

5 to 14 membered heteroaryl are 5 to 14 membered monocyclic orpolycyclic, such as dicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic, ring systems,which comprise at least one heteroaromatic ring, and which may alsocomprise non-aromatic rings, which may be substituted by 50 O.

5 to 20 membered heteroaryl are 5 to 20 membered monocyclic orpolycyclic, such as dicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic, ring systems,which comprise at least one heteroaromatic ring, and which may alsocomprise non-aromatic rings, which may be substituted by ═O.

Examples of 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl are

Examples of 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl are the examples given for the 5to 10 membered heteroaryl and

Examples of 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl are the examples given for the 5to 14 membered heteroaryl and

wherein

R¹⁰⁰ and R¹⁰¹ are independently and at each occurrence selected from thegroup consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰⁰and R¹⁰¹, if attached to the same atom, together with the atom, to whichthey are attached, form a 5 to 12 membered ring system,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting        of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(q), OC(O)-R^(q), C(O)—OR^(q), C(O)—R^(q), NR^(q)R^(r),        NR^(q)—C(O)R^(r), C(O)—NR^(q)R^(r), N[C(O)R^(q)][C(O)R^(r)],        SR^(q), halogen, CN, and NO₂;

C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituentsselected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl,C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,OR^(q), OC(O)—R^(q), C(O)—OR^(q), C(O)—R^(q), NR^(q)R^(r),NR^(q)-C(O)R^(r), C(O)—NR^(q)R^(r), N[C(O)R^(q)][C(O)R^(r)], SR^(q),halogen, CN, and NO₂;

-   -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to five substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(q), OC(O)-R^(q), C(O)-OR^(q), C(O)—R^(q), NR^(q)R^(r),        NR^(q)—C(O)R^(r), C(O)—NR^(q)R^(r), N[C(O)R^(q)][C(O)R^(r)],        SR^(q), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to five        substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(q), OC(O)—R^(q), C(O)—OR^(q),        C(O)—R^(q), NR^(q)R^(r), NR^(q)—C(O)R^(r), C(O)—NR^(q)R^(r),        N[C(O)R^(q)][C(O)R^(r)], SR^(q), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   wherein        -   R^(q) and R^(r) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and            C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.

C₆₋₁₈-arylene is a 6 to 18 membered monocyclic or polycyclic, such asdicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic, ring system, which comprises atleast one C-aromatic ring, and which may also comprise non-aromaticrings, which may be substituted by ═O.

Examples of C₆₋₁₈-arylene are

wherein

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are independently and at each occurrence selected from thegroup consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰²and R¹⁰³, if attached to the same atom, together with the atom, to whichthey are attached, form a 5 to 12 membered ring system,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting        of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(S), C(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),        NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],        SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;

C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with oneto five substituents independently selected from the group consisting ofC₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—Rt, C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s),NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;

-   -   5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to five        substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   wherein        -   R^(s) and R^(t) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and            C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂. 5 to 20                membered heteroarylene is a 5 to 20 membered monocyclic                or polycyclic, such as dicyclic, tricyclic or                tetracyclic, ring system, which comprises at least one                heteroaromatic ring, and which may also comprise                non-aromatic rings, which may be substituted by ═O.

Examples of 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene are

wherein

R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵ are independently and at each occurrence selected from thegroup consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰⁴and R¹⁰⁵, if attached to the same atom, together with the atom, to whichthey are attached, form a 5 to 12 membered ring system,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting        of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),        NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],        SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R6 ^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to five substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),        NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],        SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to five        substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)-R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   wherein        -   R^(s) and R^(t) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and            C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.

The 5 to 12 membered ring system can contain, in addition to the atom,to which R¹⁰⁰ and R¹⁰¹, respectively R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³, respectively R¹⁰⁴and R¹⁰⁵, are attached, ring members selected from the group consistingof CH₂, O, S and NR^(u) werein R^(u) is at each occurrence selected fromthe group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl.

Preferably, the polymers of the present invention comprise at least 60%by weight of units of formula (I) based on the weight of the polymer.

More preferably, the polymers of the present invention comprise at least80% by weight of units of formula (I) based on the weight of thepolymer.

Most preferably, the polymers of the present invention essentiallyconsist of units of formula (I).

Preferably, R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consistingof H, C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl,C₆₋₁₈-aryl, and a 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be        substituted with one to fourty substituents independently        selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,        C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a),        C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b),        SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic),)        —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic),)halogen and CN; and at least        two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to        14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a),        C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib)),R^(Sic)),        halogen, and CN; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O),        CO, NR^(a) or NR^(a)—CO,    -   C₆₋₁₈ -aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to six substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₆₀ -alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b),        C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib)), halogen, and CN,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀            -alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl,        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl,            C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀            -alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,            —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif),            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie) and R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀                -alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl, 06_8-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl,                —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii),                -   wherein                -   p is an integer from 1 to 50,                -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih) and R^(Sii) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,            -   C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl can be                substituted with one to twenty substituents selected                from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c),                C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil))halogen, and CN; and at                least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of                C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl can be                replaced by O or S,            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c),                OC(O)—R^(c),C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d),                C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                —O—-Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; and                one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of                C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO,                NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO,            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c),                C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))( R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si                (R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen and CN;                -   wherein                -   R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                -   R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sil) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    —-[O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sin)]_(q)—R^(Sio),                -    wherein                -    q is an integer from 1 to 50,                -    R^(Sim)R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected                    from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                    C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C⁶⁻¹⁰-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,                    O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)—R^(Sir),                    NR⁷⁰R⁸⁰, halogen, and O—C(O)-13 R⁷⁰;                -     wherein                -     r is an integer from 1 to 50,                -     R^(Sip), R^(Siq) R^(Sir) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                    heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                    O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, NR⁷⁰R⁸⁰⁰,                    halogen and O—C—(O)—R⁷⁰⁰,                -    R⁷⁰, R⁸⁰, R⁷⁰⁰ and R⁸⁰⁰ are independently selected                    from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                    C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,                -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to ten substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen and CN.

More preferably, R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the groupconsisting of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be        substituted with one to fourty substituents independently        selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,        C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a),        C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b),        SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, and CN; and at least        two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be re-placed by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl,            C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl,            —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif),            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie) and R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₄-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii),                -   wherein                -   p is an integer from 1 to 50,                -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected                    from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                    C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,            -   C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl can be                substituted with one to twenty substituents selected                from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c),                C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; and                at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of                C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀ -alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀ -alkynyl can be                replaced by O or S,            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c),                C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d),                C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),—O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)),                halogen, and CN; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not                adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced                by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO,            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c,) OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c),                C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c),                Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil))—O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil))halogen,                and CN;                -   wherein                -   R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                -   R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sil) are independently                    selected from the group consisting of H,                    C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,                    C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    —[O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sin)]_(q)—R^(Sio),                -    wherein                -    q is an integer from 1 to 50,

R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)—R^(Sir),

-   -   -   -   -     wherein                -     r is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sip), R^(Siq),                    R^(Sir) are independently selected from the group                    consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                    C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,                    O—Si(CH₃)₃,                -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀ -alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to ten substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen and CN.

Even more preferably, R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the groupconsisting of C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₂₋₅₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₂₋₅₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10        membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₅₀alkyl, C₂₋₅₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀-alkynyl can        be replaced by O or S,    -   wherein    -   R^(a) is independently selected from the group consisting of H,        C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and        C₆₋₁₀-aryl,    -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the        group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,        —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif),        -   wherein        -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,

R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii),

-   -   -   -   wherein            -   p is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from                the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,                C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,

    -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting        of halogen and CN.

Most preferably, R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the groupconsisting of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10        membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can        be replaced by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) is independently selected from the group consisting of            H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib)and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—Si            R^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o—R) ^(Sif)            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, 0₁-₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih]) _(p)R^(Sii,)                -   wherein                -   p is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from                the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C²⁻²⁰-alkenyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the            group consisting of halogen and CN.

In particular, R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl.

Preferably, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consistingof hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of        C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f),        NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)],        SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and at        least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of        C₁₋₃₀-alkyl can be replaced by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Siu) are independently from each            other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and            O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5                to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g),                C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h),                C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g),                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g),                C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h),                C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][CR^(h)], SR^(g), halogen,                CN, and NO₂;            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,                02-10-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g),                OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h),                NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h),                N[C(O)R^(g)][CR^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   wherein            -   R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the                group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and                C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -   wherein                -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to five substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.

More preferably, R² is at each occurrence selected from the groupconsisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen.

In particular, R² is in each occurrence hydrogen.

Preferably, n is 0, 1 or 2. More preferably, n is 0 or 1. Mostpreferably, n is 0.

Preferably, m is 0, 1 or 2.

Preferably, L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at eachoccurrence selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₈-arylene, 5 to 20membered heteroarylene,

-   -   and

-   -   wherein    -   C₆₋₁₈-arylene and 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be        substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5        to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹,        NR³¹R³², NR³¹-13 C(O)R³², C(O)—NR³¹R³²SR³¹, halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and    -   wherein

can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 memberedheteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R⁴², C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN,

-   -   wherein    -   R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and at        each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,        C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl,        C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and    -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to ten substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14        membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups,        but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and        C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5        to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but        not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by        O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO,    -   C⁶⁻¹⁸-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to six substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j),        NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)],        SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂,        -   wherein        -   R^(Siv), R^(Siw), R^(Six) are independently from each other            selected from the group consisting of H, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   R^(i) and R^(j) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl,            -   wherein            -   C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with                one to five substituents selected from the group                consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10                membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k),                C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l),                C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k),                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k),                C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l),                C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k),                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k),                OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l),                NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l),                N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂;                -   wherein                -   R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -    wherein                -    C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to five substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.

More preferably, L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at eachoccurrence selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 memberedheteroarylene,

-   -   and    -   wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with        one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₂₀-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl,        OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)-13 R³¹, C(O)—R³¹, NR³¹R³², NR³¹—C(O)R³²,        C(O)—NR³¹R³², SR³¹, halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH,        and

-   -   wherein    -   can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5        to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R⁴², C(O)—OR⁴¹ and        CN,        -   wherein        -   R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and            at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,            C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalky,            C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and        -   wherein        -   C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one            to ten substituents independently selected from the group            consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i),            NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),            N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,            SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two            CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,        -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six            substituents independently selected from the group            consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,            OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(i), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j),            NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)],            SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and            one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of            C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i)            or NR^(i)—CO,        -   C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be            substituted with one to six substituents independently            selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5            to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i),            C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),            N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,            SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂,            -   wherein            -   R^(Siv), R^(Siw), R^(Six) are independently from each                other selected from the group consisting of H,                C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl                and O—Si(CH₃)₃,            -   R^(i), and R^(j) are independently selected from the                group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14                membered heteroaryl,                -   wherein                -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to five substituents selected                    from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k),                    OC(O)—R^(i), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l),                    NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l),                    N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and                    NO₂;    -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, ₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k),        C(O)—R, NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l),        N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to five substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l),        NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)],        SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   -   -    wherein                -    R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀—alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -     wherein                -     C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can                    be substituted with one to five substituents                    selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN                    and NO₂.

Even more preferably, L¹ and L² are independently from each other and ateach occurrence selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 memberedheteroarylene,

-   -   and

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the groupconsisting of

wherein

R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵ are independently and at each occurrence selected from thegroup consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰⁴and R¹⁰⁵, if attached to the same atom, together with the atom, to whichthey are attached, form a 5 to 12 membered ring system,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting        of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),        NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],        SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to five substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),        NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],        SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;    -   5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to five        substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to        10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),        C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),        N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   wherein    -   R^(s) and R^(t) are independently selected from the group        consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,        -   wherein        -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to five substituents selected from the            group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂,    -   wherein    -   5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to        six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group        consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, and    -   wherein

-   -   can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN,        -   wherein        -   R⁴¹ is at each occurrence C₁₋₃₀-alkyl.

Most preferably, L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at eachoccurrence 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the groupconsisting of

-   -   wherein    -   R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵ are independently and at each occurrence selected        from the group consisting of H and C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,    -   wherein    -   5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to        six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group        consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen.

In particular, L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at eachoccurrence 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the groupconsisting of

-   -   wherein    -   5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is unsubstituted.

In preferred polymers comprising at least one unit of formula (1)

wherein

n is 0, 1, 2 or 3,

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and

L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₈-arylene, 5 to 20 memberedheteroarylene,

-   -   and    -   wherein    -   C₆₋₁₈-arylene and 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be        substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence        selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5        to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹,        NR³¹R³², NR³¹—C(O)R³², C(O)—NR³¹R³², SR³¹, halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and    -   wherein

-   -   can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5        to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R^(42,))C(O)—OR⁴¹        and CN,        -   wherein        -   R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and            at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,            C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂—cycloalkyl,            C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and wherein    -   C₁₋₃₀alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to ten substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14        membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(i), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(i), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups,        but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and        C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5        to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(i)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but        not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by        O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO,    -   C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted        with one to six substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,        C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl,        OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j),        NR—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i),        halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂,        -   wherein        -   R^(Siv), R^(Siw), R^(Six) are independently from each other            selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and            O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   R^(i) and R^(j) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered            heteroaryl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5                to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l),                C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l),                C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(k)], SR^(k),                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five                substituents selected from the group consisting of                C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered                heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k),                C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l),                C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k),                halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be                substituted with one to five substituents independently                selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k),                OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l),                NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l),                N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂;                -   wherein                -   R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the                    group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl                    and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,                -    wherein                -    C₁₋₁₀alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                    substituted with one to five substituents selected                    from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.

R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,unsubstituted C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen,

L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

-   -   and

wherein

5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to sixsubstituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting ofC₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryland 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹,NR³¹R³², NR³¹—C(O)R³², C(O)—NR³¹R³², SR³¹, halogen, CN,SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and

wherein

can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 memberedheteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R⁴², C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN,

-   -   wherein    -   R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and at        each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H,        C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl,        C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and    -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to ten substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14        membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(i), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups,        but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and        C₂₋₃₀alkynyl can be replaced by O or S,    -   C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents        independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5        to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(i), C(O)—OR^(i),        C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j),        N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(i), halogen, CN,        SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but        not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by        O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO,

In even more preferred polymers comprising at least one unit of formula(1)

R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting ofC₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10        membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can        be replaced by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group            consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,            —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif)            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,

R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)-R^(Sii),

-   -   -   -   -   wherein                -   is an integer from 1 to 50,                -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected                    from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkly,                    C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,

        -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the            group consisting of halogen and CN,

    -   R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of        unsubstituted hydrogen, C¹⁻³⁰-alkyl and halogen,

n is 0 or 1,

m is 0, 1 or 2, and

L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrenceselected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

-   -   and

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the groupconsisting of

-   -   wherein p1 R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵ are independently and at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl,        C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5        to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵, if attached to the        same atom, together with the atom, to which they are attached,        form a 5 to 12 membered ring system,        -   wherein        -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to five substituents selected from the            group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10            membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),            C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t),C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),            N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five            substituents selected from the group consisting of            C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,            C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s),            OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),            NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],            SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be            substituted with one to five substituents independently            selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl,            C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5            to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s),            C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t),            N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;        -   5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to            five substituents selected from the group consisting of            C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, 0₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,            C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s),            OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t),            NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],            SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂;            -   wherein            -   R^(s) and R^(t) are independently selected from the                group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and                C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl,            -   wherein            -   C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be                substituted with one to five substituents selected from                the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂,    -   wherein    -   5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to        six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group        consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, and    -   wherein

-   -   can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each        occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,        C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN,        -   wherein        -   R⁴¹ is at each occurrence C₁₋₃₀-alkyl.

In most preferred polymers comprising at least one unit of formula (1)

R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl,

R² is hydrogen,

n is 0,

m is 0, 1 or 2, and

L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrence 5 to20 membered heteroarylene,

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the groupconsisting of

-   -   wherein    -   5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is unsubstituted.

Particular preferred polymers of the present invention comprise at leastone unit of formula

The polymers of the present invention have preferably a weight averagemolecular weight (M_(w)) of 1 to 10000 kDa and a number averagemolecular weight (M_(n)) of 1 to 10000 kDa. The polymers of the presentinvention have more preferably a weight average molecular weight (M_(w))of 1 to 1000 kDa and a number average molecular weight (M_(n)) of 1 to100 kDa. The polymers of the present invention have most preferably aweight average molecular weight (M_(w)) of 10 to 100 kDa and a numberaverage molecular weight (M_(n)) of 5 to 60 kDa. The weight averagemolecular weight (M_(w)) and the number average molecular weight (M_(n))can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) at 80° C. usingchlorobenzene as eluent and a polystyrene as standard.

The polymers of the present invention can be prepared by methods knownin the art.

For examples, polymers of the present invention comprising at least oneunit of formula (1), wherein n is 0 and which are of formula (1-I)

wherein

R¹, R² and L² are as defined above,

m is 0, 1, 2 or 3,

can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (2)

wherein Y is at each occurrence I, Br, CI or O—S(O)₂CF₃, and R¹ and R²are as defined above, with one mol equivalents of a compound of formula(3)

-   -   wherein    -   L² is as defined for the compound of formula (1-I), and

Z^(a) and Z^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting ofB(OZ¹)(OZ²), SnZ¹Z²Z³,

-   -   wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵ and Z⁶ are independently from each        other and at each occurrence H or C₁₋₄-alkyl.

For examples, polymers of the present invention comprising at least oneunit of formula (1), wherein n and m are 0 and which are of formula(1-11)

wherein

R¹ and R² are as defined above

can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula (2)

wherein Y is at each occurrence I, Br, CI or O—S(O)₂CF_(3,) and R¹ andR²are as defined above, with a compound of formula (8)

wherein

R¹ and R²are as defined for the compound of formula (1-11), and

Z^(a) and Z^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting ofB(OZ¹)(OZ²), SnZ¹Z²Z³,

-   -   wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵ and Z⁶ are independently from each        other and at each occurence H or C₁₋₄-alkyl.

When Z^(a) and Z^(b) are independently selected from the groupconsisting of B(OZ¹)(OZ²),

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵ and Z⁶ are independently from each other andat each occurrence H or C₁₋₄-alkyl,

the reaction is usually performed in the presence of a catalyst,preferably a Pd catalyst such as Pd(P(Ph)₃)₄, Pd(OAc)₂ and Pd₂(dba)₃,and a base such as K₃PO₄, Na₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, LiOH and NaOMe. Depending onthe Pd catalyst, the reaction may also require the presence of aphosphine ligand such as P(Ph)₃, P(o-tolyl)₃ and P(tert-Bu)₃. Thereaction is also usually performed at elevated temperatures, such as attemperatures in the range of 40 to 250° C., preferably 60 to 200° C. Thereaction can be performed in the presence of a suitable solvent such astetrahydrofuran, toluene or chlorobenzene. The reaction is usuallyperformed under inert gas.

When Z^(a) and Z^(b) are independently SnZ¹Z²Z³, wherein Z¹, Z² and Z³are independently from each other C₁₋₄-alkyl, the reaction is usuallyperformed in the presence of a catalyst, preferably a Pd catalyst suchas Pd(P(Ph)₃)₄ and Pd₂(dba)₃. Depending on the Pd catalyst, the reactionmay also require the presence of a phosphine ligand such as P(Ph)₃,P(o-tolyl)₃ and P(tert-Bu)₃. The reaction is also usually performed atelevated temperatures, such as at temperatures in the range of 40 to250° C., preferably 60 to 200° C. The reaction can be performed in thepresence of a suitable solvent such as toluene or chlorobenzene. Thereaction is usually performed under inert gas.

The compound of formula (2) can be prepared by methods known in the art.

For examples, compounds of formula (2), wherein

wherein Y is I, Br, CI or O-triflate, and R¹ is at each occurrenceunsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, can be prepared by treating a compound offormula (2′)

wherein R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, with anY-donor.

For example, when Y is Br, the Y-donor can be N-bromosuccinimide. Whenusing N-bromosuccinimide as Y-donor, the reaction can be performed at 0°C. in the presence of CHCI³/acetic acid as solvent.

A compound of formula (3), wherein R¹ is at each occurrenceunsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, can be prepared by treating a compound offormula (4)

wherein R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, with Eaton'sreagent.

A compound of formula (4), wherein R¹ is at each occurrenceunsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, can be prepared by treating a compound offormula (5)

wherein R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, with acompound of formula (6)

The reaction is usually performed in a suitable solvent such as tolueneand at a suitable temperature such as in the range of 0 to 140° C.

The compound of formula (5), wherein R¹ is at each occurrenceunsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, can be prepared by treating a compound offormula (7)

with bis(pinacolato)diboron.

The reaction is usually performed in the presence of a catalyst,preferably a palladium catalyst. The reaction is usually performed in asuitable solvent, such as anhydrous toluene, at elevated temperaturessuch as in the range of 40 to 160° C.

6,6′-Dibromo isoindigo (7) and Bromo-3-methylsulfinylthiophene (6) canbe synthesized according to the literature (Org. Lett. 2010, 12,660-663; Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 838-843.

Also part of the invention are intermediates of formulae

wherein

R¹ and R² are as defined above,

Y is at each occurence I, Br, CI or O—S(O)₂CF₃.

In preferred intermediates of formulae (2) and (2′)

R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting ofC₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₂₋₅₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₂₋₅₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀ -alkynyl can be substituted        with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10        membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)),        halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₅₀-alkyl, C₂₋₅₀ -alkenyl and C₂₋₅₀-alkynyl can        be replaced by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) is independently selected from the group consisting of            H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl,        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,            —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif),            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii),                -   wherein                -   p is an integer from 1 to 50,                -   R^(Sig)R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected                    from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                    C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                    C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,    -   C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting        of halogen and CN,

R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,unsubstituted C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, and

Y is at each occurence I, Br, CI or —O—S(O)₂CF_(3.)

In more preferred intermediates of formulae (2) and (2′)

R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting ofC₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl,

-   -   wherein    -   C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can be substituted        with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the        group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10        membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a),        Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic,))        halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent        CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can        be replaced by O or S,        -   wherein        -   R^(a) is independently selected from the group consisting of            H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl,            C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀-aryl        -   R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from            the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,            C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,            —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif)            -   wherein            -   o is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected                from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl,                C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii),                -   wherein                -   is an integer from 1 to 50,            -   R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from                the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl,                C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃,        -   C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be            substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the            group consisting of halogen and CN,

R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen,unsubstituted C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, and

Y is at each occurence I, Br, CI or —O—S(O)₂CF₃.

In even more preferred intermediates of formulae (2) and (2′)

R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, R² is hydrogen and

Y is at each occurence I, Br, CI or —O—S(O)₂CF₃.

In most preferred intermediates of formula (2)

Y is at each occurence I, Br or O—S(O)₂CF₃, and R¹ is at each occurrenceunsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl and R² is hydrogen.

Particular preferred intermediate of formula (2)

wherein, R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl and R² ishydrogen.

Also part of the invention is an electronic device comprising thepolymer of the present invention.

The electronic device can be an organic photovoltaic device (OPVs), anorganic field-effect transistor (OFETs), an organic light emitting diode(OLEDs) or an organic photodiode (OPDs).

Preferably, the electronic device is an organic photovoltaic device(OPVs), an organic field-effect transistor (OFETs) or an organicphotodiode (OPDs).

More preferably, the electronic device is an organic field effecttransistor (OFET).

Usually, an organic field effect transistor comprises a dielectriclayer, a semiconducting layer and a substrate. In addition, an organicfield effect transistor usually comprises a gate electrode andsource/drain electrodes.

Preferably, the semiconducting layer comprises the polymer of thepresent invention. The semi-conducting layer can have a thickness of 5to 500 nm, preferably of 10 to 100 nm, more preferably of 20 to 50 nm.

The dielectric layer comprises a dielectric material. The dielectricmaterial can be silicon dioxide or aluminium oxide, or, an organicpolymer such as polystyrene (PS), poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA),poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), benzocyclobutene(BCB), or polyimide (P1). The dielectric layer can have a thickness of10 to 2000 nm, preferably of 50 to 1000 nm, more preferably of 100 to800 nm.

The dielectric layer can in addition to the dielectric material comprisea self-assembled monolayer of organic silane derivates or organicphosphoric acid derivatives. An example of an organic silane derivativeis octyltrichlorosilane. An examples of an organic phosphoric acidderivative is octyldecylphosphoric acid. The self-assembled monolayercomprised in the dielectric layer is usually in contact with thesemiconducting layer.

The source/drain electrodes can be made from any suitable organic orinorganic source/drain material. Examples of inorganic source/drainmaterials are gold (Au), silver (Ag) or copper (Cu), as well as alloyscomprising at least one of these metals. The source/drain electrodes canhave a thickness of 1 to 100 nm, preferably from 20 to 70 nm.

The gate electrode can be made from any suitable gate material such ashighly doped silicon, aluminium (Al), tungsten (W), indium tin oxide orgold (Au), or alloys comprising at least one of these metals. The gateelectrode can have a thickness of 1 to 200 nm, preferably from 5 to 100nm.

The substrate can be any suitable substrate such as glass, or a plasticsubstrate such as polyethersulfone, polycarbonate, polysulfone,polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).Depending on the design of the organic field effect transistor, the gateelectrode, for example highly doped silicon can also function assubstrate.

The organic field effect transistor can be prepared by methods known inthe art.

For example, a bottom-gate top-contact organic field effect transistorcan be prepared as follows: The dielectric material, for example Al₂O₃or silicon dioxide, can be applied as a layer on a gate electrode suchas highly doped silicon wafer, which also functions as substrate, by asuitable deposition method such as atom layer deposition or thermalevaporation. A self-assembled monolayer of an organic phosphoric acidderivative or an organic silane derivative can be applied to the layerof the dielectric material. For example, the organic phosphoric acidderivative or the organic silane derivative can be applied from solutionusing solution-deposition techniques. The semiconducting layer can beformed by either solution deposition or thermal evaporation in vacuo ofthe polymer of the present invention on the self-assembled monolayer ofthe organic phosphoric acid derivative or the organic silane derivative.Source/drain electrodes can be formed by deposition of a suitablesource/drain material, for example tantalum (Ta) and/or gold (Au), onthe semiconducting layer through a shadow masks. The channel width (W)is typically 10 to 1000 μm and the channel length (L) is typically 5 to500 μm.

For example, a top-gate bottom-contact organic field effect transistorcan be prepared as follows: Source/drain electrodes can be formed byevaporating a suitable source/drain material, for example gold (Au), onphoto-lithographically defined electrodes on a suitable substrate, forexample a glass substrate. The semiconducting layer can be formed bydepositing a solution of the polymers of the present invention, forexample by spin-coating, on the source/drain electrodes, followed byannealing the layer at elevated temperatures such as at a temperature inthe range of 80 to 360° C. After quenching the semiconducting layer, adielectric layer can be formed by applying, for example, byspin-coating, a solution of a suitable dielectric material such aspoly(methylmethacryate), on the semiconducting layer. The gate electrodeof a suitable gate material, for example gold (Au), can be evaporatedthrough a shadow mask on the dielectric layer.

Also part of the invention is the use of the polymer of the presentinvention as semiconducting material.

The polymers of the present invention show high charge carriermobilities. The polymer of the present invention can show ambipolarproperties with high hole and electron mobilities. In addition, thepolymers of the present invention show a high stability, in particular ahigh thermal stability. Furthermore the polymers of the presentinvention are compatible with liquid processing techniques. In addition,the polymers of the present invention show a strong absorption of thenear infra-red light.

EXAMPLES Example 1

a) Synthesis of compound I-1 is made is made in analogy to theliterature by alkylation of 6,6′-dibromoisoindigo:

b) Synthesis of 6,6′-diborate ester-isoindigo (I-2)

A mixture of 6,6′-dibromoisoindigo I-1 (3 g, 2.75 mmol),bis(pinacolato)diboron (1.75 g, 6.88 mmol), Pd(PPh₃)₂Cl₂ (190 mg, 0.275mmol) and potassium acetate (1.08 g, 11 mmol) in anhydrous toluene (50mL) are heated to 110° C. for 16 h under argon. The reaction mixture isthen cooled to r.t and plugged through a short pad silica gel withmethylene chloride. The collected filtration is concentrated and driedto give 6, 6′-diborate ester isoindigo without further purification as adark red solid (2.65 g, 81%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃, 300 K), δ (ppm):9.14 (d, ³J=7.9 Hz, 2 H), 7.48 (dd, ³J=7.9, ⁴J=0.6 Hz, 2 H), 7.16 (s, 2H), 3.70-3.68 (m, 4 H), 1.96 (t, 2 H), 1.36 (s, 24 H), 1.35-1.24 (m, 80H), 0.89-0.85 (m, 12 H). ¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCI₃, 300 K), δ (ppm):168.09, 144.47, 134.31, 128.88, 128.74, 124.24, 113.50, 84.03, 44.45,31.94, 30.02, 29.66, 29.37, 24.88, 22.70, 14.13.

c) Synthesis of 6, 6′- di(3-methylsulfinylthiophene) isoindigo (I-4):

To an oven-dried 20 mL microwave vial, 6, 6′-diborate easter-isoindigo(I-2) (1.0 g, 7.7 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (38 mg, 0.038 mmol) and P-(o-tol)₃(46 mg, 0.15 mmol), Bromo-3-methylsulfinylthiophene (I-3, made inanalogy to the literature) (430 mg, 19.25 mol), the tube is sealed, thentoluene (10 mL) with 2 drops of aliquat and 2M K₃PO₄ (3.5 mL) are added.The mixture is degassed under Argon for half an hour, and then the argoninlet is removed. The tube is subjected to reflux for 18 h. Aftercooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture is extracted with EA,and the organic phase is collected and dried with magnesium sulfate,solvent is removed by the reduced pressure, purified by columnchromatography (eluent: DCM: EA=10:1) to afford a dark red solid (530mg, 53%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3, 300 K) δ (ppm): 9.26 (d, ³J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (d, ³J =5.4 Hz, 2 H), 7.50 (d, ³J =5.4 Hz, 2 H), 7.12 (dd, ³J=8.3, ⁴J=1.6 Hz, 2H), 6.95 (d, ⁴J =1.4 Hz, 2 H), 3.76-3.65 (m, 4 H),2.79 (s, 6 H), 1.94 (t, 2 H), 1.37-1.23 (m, 80 H), 0.88-0.84 (m, 12 H).¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃, 300 K), δ (ppm): 168.53, 145.66, 143.24,135.45, 132.98, 130.72, 127.27, 125.41, 123.22, 122.00, 108.69, 44.05,31.92, 31.76, 30.08, 29.63, 29.36, 26.52, 22.69, 14.12. HRMS (ESI, pos.mode): Calculated for C74H115N2O4S4: 1223.7661, [M+H]+, found:1223.7594.

d) Synthesis of BTTIID (I-5)

6,6′-di(3-methylsulfinylthiophene) isoindigo (I-4) (800 mg, 0.65 mmol)is stirred with Eaton's reagent (6 mL) at room temperature in the darkfor 3 days. The mixture is poured into ice-water, extracted withchloroform and the organic phased is dried with MgSO4, the solvent isremoved by reduced pressure and the crude product is dried in vacuum,which is followed to be redissolved in pyridine (10 mL) and then themixture is refluxed overnight. After the mixture is cooled to roomtemperature, extracted with chloroform and diluted hydrochloride acid,the separated organic phase is dried over MgSO4, and solvent is removedby reduced pressure. The crude is purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (eluent: CHCl₃: PE=1:3) to afford a red solid BTTIID (I-5)(450 mg, 59%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃, 300 K) δ (ppm): 9.81 (s, 2 H),7.56 (d, ³J=5.1 Hz, 2 H), 7.32 (d, ³J=5.1 Hz, 2 H), 6.98 (s, 2 H),3.72-3.70 (m, 4 H), 1.99 (t, 2 H), 1.38-1.21 (m, 80H), 0.88-0.83 (m, 12H).¹³C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃, 300 K), 6 (ppm): 168.52, 142.60, 142.18,136.62, 134.86, 134.48, 132.12, 129.38, 125.86, 120.74, 120.07, 99.45,44.74, 31.93, 31.67, 30.05, 29.68, 29.36, 26.54, 22.69, 14.12. MS(MALDI-TOF, CHCl₃): Calculated for C72H106N202S4: 1158.71, found:1158.4. UV-vis (CHCl₃): lmax/nm (e/M-1 cm-1) =510 (36700). CV (CH2012,0.1 M TBAHFP, vs Fc/Fc⁺): E_(1/2red) (X/X⁻)=−1.28 V, E_(1/2red)(X/X²⁻)=−1.64 V, E_(1/2ox) (X/X+)=0.78 V

Example 2

Synthesis of dibromo BTTIID (I-6)

NBS (65g, 0.36 mmol) is added in small portions to a solution ofbenzothienothiophene isoindigo (200g, 0.17 mmol) in CHCl₃/AcOH (20 mL: 5mL), the reaction mixture is stirred at reflux for about 5 h, which canbe monitored by TLC. When the reaction is finished, cooled down to roomtemperature, the solvent is removed by reduced pressure and purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (eluent: CHCl₃: PE=1:4) to afford ared solid dibromo-BTTIID (I-6) (164 mg, 72%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃,300 K), 6 (ppm): 9.70 (s, 2 H), 7.23 (s, 2 H), 6.67 (s, 2 H), 3.66−3.64(m, 4 H), 1.92 (t, 2 H), 1.37−1.21 (m, 80 H), 0.88−0.83 (m, 12 H).¹³0NMR (100 MHz, CDCl₃, 300 K), 6 (ppm): 168.25, 142.62, 140.63, 135.07,134.79, 133.61, 131.87, 125.68, 123.27, 120.07, 116.14, 98.77, 44.72,31.94, 30.08, 29.75, 29.69, 29.39, 26.61, 22.71, 14.13. MS (MALDI-TOF,CHCl₃): Calculated for C72H104Br2N2O2S4: 1314.5, found: 1314.1.

Example 3

Synthesis of P1

To a microwave vial is added dibromoBTTIID (I-6) (100 mg, 0.076 mmol, 1equiv.) and 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)thiophene (31.04 mg, 0.076 μmol, 1equiv), Pd2(dba)3 (1.50 mg) and P(o-Tol)₃ (1.84 mg). The tube is sealedand flushed with Argon, and then degassed chlorobenzene (2 mL) is added.The mixture is thoroughly degassed under Argon, and then the argon inletis removed. The tube is subjected to the following conditions in amicrowave reactor: 100° C. for 5 min, 140° C. for 5 min, 160° C. for 30min. After cooling to RT, the polymer is precipitated into methanol, andfiltered through a Soxhlet thimble. The polymer is extracted usingSoxhlet apparatus with methanol, acetone, hexane, dichloromethane,chloroform and chlorobenzene. The chlorobenzene solution is concentratedand precipitated into methanol. The precipitates are filtered and driedunder vacuum to afford P1 as a dark blue solid (40 mg, 40%). GPC(chlorobenzene, 80° C.): Mn 33000, Mw 91135 g mol-1, PDI=2.74. ¹H NMR(1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane-d₂, 130° C., 400 MHz), δ (ppm): 9.68 (broad),6.63 (broad), 3.96−3.89 (broad), 2.15−2.13 (broad), 1.76−0.96 (broad).

Example 4

Synthesis of P2

To a microwave vial is added dibromoBTTIID (I-6) (68.6 mg, 0.052 mmol,1equiv.) and 2,5-bis(trimethylstannyl)selenophene (23.78 mg, 0.052 μmol,1 equiv), Pd2(dba)3 (2 mg) and P(o-Tol) 3 (2.58 mg). The tube is sealedand flushed with Argon, and then degassed chlorobenzene (1.0 mL) isadded. The mixture is thoroughly degassed under Argon, and then theargon inlet is removed. The tube is subjected to the followingconditions in a microwave reactor: 100° C. for 5 min, 140° C. for 5 min,160° C. for 30 min. After cooling to RT, the polymer is precipitatedinto methanol, and filtered through a Soxhlet thimble. The polymer isextracted using Soxhlet apparatus with methanol, acetone, hexane,dichloromethane, chloroform and chlorobenzene. The chloroform andchlorobenzene solution is concentrated and precipitated into methanol.The precipitates are filtered and dried under vacuum to afford P2 as adark blue solid (55 mg (chloroform) and 6 mg (chlorobenzene), 87.1%). ¹HNMR (1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane-d2, 130° C., 400 MHz), δ (ppm): 9.67(broad), 6.49 (broad), 3.96−3.87 (broad), 1.64−0.96 (broad). GPC(chloroform fraction) (chlorobenzene, 80° C.): Mn 51500, Mw 17966 gmol-1, PDI=3.49.

Example 5

Synthesis of P3

The synthesis of polymer P3 is made in analogy to the synthesis ofpolymer P2:

Example 6

Synthesis of P4

The synthesis of polymer P4 is made in analogy to the synthesis ofpolymer P2:

Example 7

Synthesis of P5

The synthesis of polymer P5 is made in analogy to the synthesis ofpolymer P2:

Example 8

Synthesis of compound (I-7)

Compound I-7 is synthesized in analogy to compound I-5

Example 9

Synthesis of compound (I-8)

Compound I-8 is synthesized from I-7 in analogy to compound I-6

Example 10

Synthesis of polymer (P6)

Polymer P6 is synthesized from I-8 in analogy to polymer P2

Example 11

Synthesis of compound (I-9)

Compound I-9 is synthesized in analogy to compound I-5

Example 12

Fabrication and electrical characterization of organic field-effecttransistors (OFET) based on compounds and polymers of the presentinvention

Preparation of back-contact, top-gate FETs

Semiconducting compound I-x or polymer Px is dissolved at aconcentration of 0,75wt % in orthodichlorobenzene and subsequentlycoated onto a PET-substrate with lithographically prepatterned goldcontacts, serving as Source and Drain contact of the FET. 100 μl of theformulation is coated by a standard blade coater at a coating speed of20 mm/s, yielding a homogenous layer of the semiconductor over theentire substrate. After the coating is completed, the substrate isimmediately transferred onto a preheated hotplate and heated for 30s at90° C. Next the gate dielectric layer consisting of Cytop CTL-809M isspincoated on top of the organic semiconductor (1200 rpm, 30s). AfterSpincoating, the substrate is again transferred to the hotplate andannealed for another 5 Min at 100° C. The thickness of the dielectriclayer is 535 nm measured by profilometer. Finally 50 nm thickshadow-mask patterend gold gate electrodes are deposited by vacuumevaporation to complete FETs in the BGTC-configuration (See FIG. 1a-h)

Electrical characterization

The mobility μ is calculated from the root representation of thetransfer characteristic curve (solid grey curve) calculated in thesaturation region. The slope m is determined from the dashed black linein FIG. 1. The dashed black line in FIG. 1 is fitted to a region of theroot representation of the current characteristic ID such that a goodcorrelation to the linear slope of the root representation is obtained.

The threshold voltage U_(Th) can be taken from the intersection of blackdashed line in FIG. 1 with the X-axis portion (V_(GS)).

In order to calculate the electrical properties of the OFET, thefollowing equations are employed:

$\mu = \frac{m^{2}*2\; L}{C_{G}*W}$$C_{G} = {ɛ_{0}*ɛ_{r}\frac{1}{d}}$ $U_{Th} = {{- 1}*\frac{m}{b}}$${{ON}\text{/}{OFF}} = \frac{I_{D}\max}{I_{D}\min}$

where ε₀ is the vacuum permittivity of 8.85×10⁻¹² As/Vm. ε_(r)=2,1 forCytop and d=535 nm is the thickness of the dielectric. With the channellength L=10 μm and the channel width W=250 μm.

The following mobilities have been calculated for the respectivecompounds:

Compound I-x Field-effect mobility μ Threshold voltage ON/OFF Polymer Px[cm²/Vs] U_(TH) [V] ratio I-7 1.3E−2   0.72 5E3 I-9 6E−4 −10.8 8E2 P63E−3 −6.0 1E3 P1 high Mw 4.5E−2   −4.7 6E4 P3 5E−4 −13.87 7E2 P1 low Mw9E−3 −3.62 9E3 P2 5E−2 −2.05 1E4 P4 2E−3 7.5 3E8

1. A polymer comprising at least one unit of formula (1):

wherein R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl, a 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C(O)—C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl and C(O)—OC₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to fourty substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b) NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂, and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)-C(O)R⁶, C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)],SR^(a)Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalky can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(a) or NR^(a)-13 CO, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂, wherein R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif), NR⁵R⁶, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵, wherein o is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii), halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵⁰; wherein p is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, NR⁵⁰⁰R⁶⁰⁰, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵⁰⁰ , R⁵, R⁶, R⁵⁰, R⁶⁰, R⁵⁰⁰ and R⁶⁰⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to twenty substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R_(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si (R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(c) or NR^(c)-CO, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R_(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sii)), halogen, CN and NO₂; wherein R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, R^(Sij), R^(Sik) R^(Sil) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, [O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sin)]_(q)R^(Sio), NR⁷R⁸, halogen, and O—C(O)—R⁷, wherein q is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)—R^(Sir), NR⁷⁰R⁸⁰, halogen, and O—C(O)—R⁷⁰; wherein r is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sip), R^(Siq), R^(Sir) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, NR⁷⁰⁰R⁸⁰⁰ , halogen and O—C(O)—R700 , R⁷, R⁸, R⁷⁰, R⁸⁰, R⁷⁰⁰ and R⁸⁰⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl, 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR²¹, OC(O)—R²¹, C(O)—OR²¹, C(O)—R²¹, NR²¹R²², NR²¹—C(O)R²², C(O)—NR²¹R²², N[C(O)R²¹][C(O)R²²], SR²¹, halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and OH, wherein R²¹ and R²² and are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂, and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(e) or NR^(e)—CO, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂, wherein R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Siu) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O-13 Si(CH₃)₃, R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h) NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h) C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; wherein R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3, and L¹ and are L² are independently from each other and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₆₋₁₈-arylene, 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

wherein C₆₋₁₈-arylene and 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹, NR³¹R³², NR³¹—C(O)R³², C(O)—NR³¹R³², N[C(O)R³¹][C(O)R³²], SR³¹, halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and wherein

can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R⁴²,C(O)—OR₄₁ and CN, wherein R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and wherein C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO, p1 C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R, NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂, wherein SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃, R^(i) and R^(j) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)-R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO_(2;) C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l) NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l) NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R¹], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂, wherein R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.
 2. The polymer of claim 1, wherein R^(l) is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to fourty substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, wherein R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, -—[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif), wherein o is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sid), R^(Sie) and R^(Sif) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii), wherein p is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sih) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, R⁵, R⁶, R⁵⁰, R⁶⁰, R⁵⁰⁰ and R⁶⁰⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to twenty substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil), halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; wherein R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sil) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C,₁₋₃₀ alkyl C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sim) R^(Sin)]_(q)—R^(Sio), wherein q is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)—R^(Sir), wherein r is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sip), R^(Siq), R^(Sir) are independently selected from the group consisting of H,C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₃₀alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and CN, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, wherein C₋₃₀-alkyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(e) C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl can be replaced by O or S, wherein R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Siu) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃, R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO_(2;) C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g) , OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g) , C(O)—R^(g) , NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g) —C(O)R^(h), C(O)13 NR^(g) R^(h) , N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO_(2;) wherein R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.
 3. The polymer of claim 1, wherein R^(l) is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to fourty substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)) —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, wherein R^(a) and R^(h) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyk C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)-R^(Sif), wherein o is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sid), R^(Sie) and R^(Sif) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, —[O—Sir^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii), wherein p is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to twenty substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sii)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)) , halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sii)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sii)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, and CN; wherein R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sid) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C¹⁻³⁰-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl —[O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sin)]_(q)—R^(Sio), wherein q is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)—R^(Sir), wherein r is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sip), R^(Siq), R^(Sir) rare independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and CN, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, wherein C₁₋₃₀-alkyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Sin) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl can be replaced by O or S, wherein R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Sin) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃, R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆-₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; wherein R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.
 4. The polymer of claim 1 wherein R^(l) is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can be substituted with one to twenty substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, and CN; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, C₂₋₃₆-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₆-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, wherein R^(a) is independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl and C₆₋₁₀ ⁻aryl R^(Sia), R^(Sib) and R^(Sic) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl,—[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif) wherein o is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)-—R^(Sii), wherein p is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and CN, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen.
 5. The polymer of claim 1, wherein R¹ is at each occurrence unsubstituted C₁₋₃₆-alkyl, and R² is at each occurrence hydrogen.
 6. The polymer of claim 1, wherein L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

and wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR³¹, OC(O)—R³¹, C(O)—OR³¹, C(O)—R³¹, NR³¹R³², NR³¹—C(O)R³², C(O)—NR³¹R³², SR³¹, halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and OH, and wherein

can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—NR⁴¹R⁴², C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN, wherein R³¹, R³², R⁴¹ and R⁴² are independently from each other and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and wherein C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(i) or NR^(i)—CO, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(i), OC(O)—R^(j), C(O)—OR^(i), C(O)—R^(i), NR^(i)R^(j), NR^(i)—C(O)R^(j), C(O)—NR^(i)R^(j), N[C(O)R^(i)][C(O)R^(j)], SR^(i), halogen, CN, SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) and NO₂, wherein SiR^(Siv)R^(Siw)R^(Six) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C_(—6)-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃, R^(i) and R^(j) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆-₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l), NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO₂, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l) NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k)halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(k), OC(O)—R^(l), C(O)—OR^(k), C(O)—R^(k), NR^(k)R^(l) NR^(k)—C(O)R^(l), C(O)—NR^(k)R^(l), N[C(O)R^(k)][C(O)R^(l)], SR^(k), halogen, CN, and NO_(2;) wherein R^(k) and R^(l) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.
 7. The polymer of claim 6, wherein L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene,

and wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the group consisting of

wherein R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵ are independently and at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, or R¹⁰⁴ and R¹⁰⁵, if attached to the same atom, together with the atom, to which they are attached, form a 5 to 12 membered ring system, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t) NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t) NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NRsR^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)] [C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂-₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t) NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)],SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂; 5 to 12 membered ring system can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(s), OC(O)—R^(t), C(O)—OR^(s), C(O)—R^(s), NR^(s)R^(t), NR^(s)—C(O)R^(t), C(O)—NR^(s)R^(t), N[C(O)R^(s)][C(O)R^(t)], SR^(s), halogen, CN, and NO₂; wherein R^(s) and R^(t) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂, wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene can be substituted with one to six substituents R³ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl and halogen, and wherein

can be substituted with one or two substituents R⁴ at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C(O)—R⁴¹, C(O)—OR⁴¹ and CN, wherein R⁴¹ is at each occurrence C₁₋₃₀-alkyl.
 8. The polymer of claim 7, wherein L¹ and L² are independently from each other and at each occurrence 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene, wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is selected from the group consisting of

wherein 5 to 20 membered heteroarylene is unsubstituted.
 9. The polymer of claim 1, wherein n is 0, 1 or 2, and m is 0, 1 or
 2. 10. A process for preparing the polymer of claim 1, wherein the formula (1) is formula (1-1)

the process comprising: reacting a compound of formula (2)

wherein Y is at each occurrence I, Br, Cl or O—S(O)₂CF₃, with a compound of formula (3)

wherein Z^(a) and Z^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting of B(OZ¹)(OZ²), SnZ¹Z²Z³,

wherein Z¹, Z², Z³, Z⁴, Z⁵ and Z⁶ are independently from each other and at each occurrence H or C₁₋₄-alkyl.
 11. An intermediate of formula (2) or (2′)

wherein Y is at each occurrence I, Br, Cl or O—S(O)₂CF₃, R¹ is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl, a 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, C(O)—C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C (O)—C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl and C(O)—OC₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to fourty substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR, C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₁₀₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C,₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(a) or NR^(a)—CO, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(a), OC(O)—R^(a), C(O)—OR^(a), C(O)—R^(a), NR^(a)R^(b), NR^(a)—C(O)R^(b), C(O)—NR^(a)R^(b), N[C(O)R^(a)][C(O)R^(b)], SR^(a), Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), —O—Si(R^(Sia))(R^(Sib))(R^(Sic)), halogen, CN, and NO₂, wherein R^(a) and R^(b) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, R^(Sia), R^(Sib) R^(Sic) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl,O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sid)R^(Sie)]_(o)—R^(Sif), NR⁵R₆, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵, wherein o is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sid), R^(Sie), R^(Sif) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C ₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₄-aryl, O-5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sig)R^(Sih)]_(p)—R^(Sii), NR ⁵⁰R⁶⁰ , halogen and O-13 C(O)—R⁵⁰; wherein p is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sig) R^(Sih), R^(Sii) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C ₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃)₃, NR⁵⁰⁰R⁶⁰⁰, halogen and O—C(O)—R⁵⁰⁰, R⁵, R⁶, R⁵⁰, R⁶⁰, R⁵⁰⁰ and R⁶⁰⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to twenty substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si (R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN, and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₆₀-alkyl, C₂₋₆₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₆₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c) OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil))—O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sik)),halogen, CN, and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(c) or NR^(c)—CO, C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, OR^(c), OC(O)—R^(c), C(O)—OR^(c), C(O)—R^(c), NR^(c)R^(d), NR^(c)—C(O)R^(d), C(O)—NR^(c)R^(d), N[C(O)R^(c)][C(O)R^(d)], SR^(c), Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), —O—Si(R^(Sij))(R^(Sik))(R^(Sil)), halogen, CN and NO₂; wherein R^(c) and R^(d) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₂₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, R^(Sij), R^(Sik) and R^(Sil) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, —[O—SiR^(Sim)R^(Sim)]_(q)—R^(Sio), NR⁷R⁸, halogen, and O—C(O)—R⁷, wherein q is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(Sim), R^(Sin), R^(Sio) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl,—[O—Sir ^(Sip)R^(Siq)]_(r)-R^(Sir), NR⁷⁰R⁸⁰, halogen, O—C(O)—R⁷⁰; wherein r is an integer from 1 to 50, R^(SiP), R^(Siq), R^(Sir) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₆₋₅-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O-13 C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, O—C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, O—C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, O—C₆₋₁₀-aryl, O-5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, O—Si(CH₃) , NR⁷⁰⁰R⁸⁰⁰, halogen and O—C(O)—R700, R⁷, R⁸, R⁷⁰, R⁸⁰, R⁷⁰⁰ and R⁸⁰ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, and 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂, R² is at each occurrence selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl, 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, OR²¹, OC(O)—R²¹, C(O)—OR²¹, C(O)—R21, NR²¹R²², NR²¹-C(O)R²², C(O)-13 NR²¹R²², N[C(O)R²¹][C(O)R²²], SR²¹, halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and OH, wherein R²¹ and R²² and are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl, and C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to ten substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and at least two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₁₋₃₀-alkyl, C₂₋₃₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₃₀-alkynyl can be replaced by O or S, C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀alkyl, C₂₋₂₀alkenyl C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f) NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂; and one or two CH₂-groups, but not adjacent CH₂-groups, of C₅₋₁₂-cycloalkyl can be replaced by O, S, OC(O), CO, NR^(e) or NR^(e)—CO, C₆₋₁₈-aryl and 5 to 20 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to six substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, OR^(e), OC(O)—R^(e), C(O)—OR^(e), C(O)—R^(e), NR^(e)R^(f), NR^(e)—C(O)R^(f), C(O)—NR^(e)R^(f), N[C(O)R^(e)][C(O)R^(f)], SR^(e), halogen, CN, SiR^(Sis)R^(Sit)R^(Siu) and NO₂, wherein R^(Sis), R^(Sit) and R^(Siu) are independently from each other selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, phenyl and O—Si(CH₃)₃, R^(e) and R^(f) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₄-aryl, and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl, wherein C₁₋₂₀-alkyl, C₂₋₂₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₂₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R_(g), NR^(g)—C(O)R_(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂, C₅₋₈-cycloalkyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, C₅₋₆-cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(h), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)R^(g)][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; C₆₋₁₄-aryl and 5 to 14 membered heteroaryl can be substituted with one to five substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂-₁₀ ⁻alkenyl, C₂₋₁-alkynyl, C₅₋₆cycloalkyl, C₆₋₁₀-aryl, 5 to 10 membered heteroaryl, OR^(g), OC(O)—R^(g), C(O)—OR^(g), C(O)—R^(g), NR^(g)R^(h), NR^(g)—C(O)R^(K), C(O)—NR^(g)R^(h), N[C(O)Rg][C(O)R^(h)], SR^(g), halogen, CN, and NO₂; wherein R^(g) and R^(h) are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₂₋₁₀-alkynyl, wherein C₁₋₁₀-alkyl, C₂₋₁₀-alkenyl and C₇₋₁₀-alkynyl can be substituted with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, CN and NO₂.
 12. An electronic device, comprising: a polymer of claim
 1. 13. The electronic device of claim 12, wherein the electronic device is an organic field effect transistor.
 14. (canceled) 